Postnatal Depression

Postpartum (post natal) depression (PPD) is a type of depression that can occur after childbirth, affecting a mother's ability to care for herself and her baby. It is more severe and longer-lasting than the "baby blues," which typically resolve within a few weeks. 

Symptoms

The symptoms of depression include those related to:

• your feelings (mood)
• your body (physical) 
• your thoughts and beliefs (cognitive)

PPD symptoms can vary but may include:

• Persistent sadness, feelings of hopelessness or emptiness
• Crying more often than usual or for no apparent reason
• Severe mood swings or intense irritability
• Difficulty bonding with the baby
• Withdrawing from whānau/family and friends
• Loss of appetite or eating much more than usual
• Inability to sleep (insomnia) or sleeping too much
• Overwhelming fatigue or loss of energy
• Loss of interest in activities you once enjoyed
• Intense anxiety or panic attacks
• Thoughts of harming yourself or your baby
• Difficulty concentrating or making decisions

When to see a doctor

• If your symptoms last more than two weeks
• If your symptoms are getting worse
• If you cannot care for yourself or your baby
• If you have thoughts of harming yourself or your baby

Diagnosis

If you suspect you have PPD, it’s important to consult a healthcare professional who will:

• Conduct a complete assessment including a physical examination and a review of your medical history and symptoms.
• Administer a depression screening questionnaire to confirm emotional and behavioural symptoms.
• Evaluate other medical conditions that could be contributing to your symptoms, such as thyroid issues.

Treatment options

Medical treatments:

• Counselling and talking therapies: Talking to a mental health professional can help manage depression. Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) and interpersonal therapy (IPT) are common approaches.
• Medications: Sometimes medication is helpful or needed. Depending on the severity of symptoms antidepressants may be prescribed. It's essential to discuss breastfeeding considerations with your doctor.

Self-care and support:

• Learning more about postnatal depression: Education about postnatal depression can be extremely important to help you and your family/whānau and supporters to understand and help in your recovery. Talking about it with friends and family/whānau will help.
• Keeping a mood diary to learn what can bring on low mood for you: There might be signs or indicators that tell you that you need a break, and the diary can also show you what makes things better
• Having a wellbeing plan: Many people find that having a written plan, developed together with your health provider, can help you to feel you’re in control if difficult feelings return
• Seek social support: Connect with whānau, family, and friends or join a PPD support group.
• Maintain a balanced nutritious diet and exercise routine: Proper nutrition and physical activity can improve mood.
• Prioritise self-care: Take time for activities you enjoy and ensure you get rest when possible.
• Limit stress: Simplify your life where possible and don’t hesitate to ask for help with household tasks or childcare.
• Mindfulness and relaxation techniques: Practices like meditation and gentle yoga can help reduce stress and improve your mood.

Accessing help

If you are concerned, or suspect you have (or a loved one has) postnatal depression, it is important to talk to your midwife, doctor or Well Child Tamariki Ora nurse (through Plunket or another provider). 

Remember, depression is serious and you do need to see a health professional if you suspect you may be experiencing it.

Conclusion

Post natal depression is a treatable condition, and seeking help is a vital first step. Early intervention and a combination of treatments which may include therapy, medication, and lifestyle changes, can lead to a significant improvement in symptoms. Remember, you are not alone, and support is available to help you through this period.

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